Highlights
- •Infants with CF develop structural lung disease early in life.
- •We investigated whether respiratory viruses contribute to early lung disease.
- •We found limited extent of structural lung disease on chest CT at 1 year of age.
- •Detection of respiratory viruses were not associated with more severe disease.
- •Episodes of wheezing and cough were associated with more severe disease.
Abstract
Background
Infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) develop structural lung disease early in life, and
viral infections are associated with progressive lung disease. We hypothesized that
the presence of respiratory viruses would be associated with structural lung disease
on computed tomography (CT) of the chest in infants with CF.
Methods
Infants with CF were enrolled before 4 months of age. Multiplex PCR assays were performed
on nasal swabs to detect respiratory viruses during routine visits and when symptomatic.
Participants underwent CT imaging at approximately 12 months of age. Associations
between Perth–Rotterdam Annotated Grid Morphometric Analysis for CF (PRAGMA-CF) CT
scores and respiratory viruses and symptoms were assessed with Spearman correlation
coefficients.
Results
Sixty infants were included for analysis. Human rhinovirus was the most common virus
detected, on 28% of tested nasal swabs and in 85% of participants. The median (IQR)
extent of lung fields that was healthy based on PRAGMA-CF was 98.7 (0.8)%. There were
no associations between PRAGMA-CF and age at first virus, or detection of any virus,
including rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, or parainfluenza. The extent of
airway wall thickening was associated with ever having wheezed (ρ = 0.31, p = 0.02) and number of encounters with cough (ρ = 0.25, p = 0.0495).
Conclusions
Infants with CF had minimal structural lung disease. We did not find an association
between respiratory viruses and CT abnormalities. Wheezing and frequency of cough
were associated with early structural changes.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
CT (computed tomography), ICC (Intraclass correlation coefficient), PRAGMA-CF (Perth–Rotterdam Annotated Grid Morphometric Analysis for CF)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 03, 2022
Accepted:
April 17,
2022
Received in revised form:
April 15,
2022
Received:
January 18,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 European Cystic Fibrosis Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
